建築巡禮：CNN精選即將形塑2021建築風貌的新建築
儘管2020年爆發的大規模流行病疫情確實造成許多工程被迫暫停，但2021年我們仍然迎來許多令人振奮的新建築。在許多年前便開始設計、建造，這些建築可能不能作為「疫情後的建築發展指標」，但他們仍然能符合當代最好的建築應具備的永續精神及公共性。
The pandemic may have brought work to a halt on projects around the world, but next year is nonetheless set to welcome an exciting array of new buildings.Commissioned and designed years ago, these structures are unlikely to reflect the new design priorities that will emerge from Covid-19. Yet, they are very much in keeping with the civically generous and sustainable spirit of the world’s best contemporary architecture.
從博物館到表演藝術場館，以下是CNN風格選出，2021年最值得期待，即將完工或開幕的建築。
From museums to performing arts venues, these are CNN Style’s most anticipated buildings opening or completing in 2021.
遠洛克威圖書館，美國紐約
Far Rockaway Library, New York
Snøhetta
這棟令人驚艷的公共圖書館座落在紐約皇后區，將原本在地方上頗受歡但空間不大的社區圖書館面積翻倍，提供更大的享受空間給社區。新的圖書館入口處是個巨大三角形玻璃窗，加上建築外層的透明層板，讓陽光可以點亮整個空間。該建築是由來自挪威、曾打造出令人驚豔的挪威水下餐廳的Snøhetta建築事務所設計，其外牆金黃的色調與長島的黃昏相互輝映。
This striking public library in the Far Rockaway neighborhood of Queens, New York, will replace a small but popular library previously on the same site. But at 20,000 square feet, the new facility doubles the size of the space provided to the community.
Light will pour in through a triangle of glass at the entrance — as well as through the striking translucent shell. According to the project architects Snøhetta, the Norwegian firm behind the groundbreaking underwater restaurant Under, the building’s golden hue reflects the color of the Long Island sky.
台北表演藝術中心，台北
Taipei Performing Arts Center, Taipei
OMA/Chris Stowers
經歷了八年的建設工程，位於台北士林的台北表演藝術中心終於在2021年中即將竣工。耗資近54億台幣，這棟外型奇特的建築——像是一顆圓球被嵌入盒狀的建築，也被戲稱為「皮蛋豆腐」——將無疑會成為台北的當代地標之一。但這座建築的重要性並不止於此。希望能打破表演場館的現狀，或者如同設計者OMA事務所所說，「保守的內部運作方式」，台北表演藝術中心設有三座可以獨立運作的劇場，但它們又共同「插入」一個中央後台區域，提供了一個靈活的後台空間讓所有劇場同時使用。
Eight years after construction began, the unmistakable Taipei Performing Arts Center is finally set to complete by the middle of 2021. At an estimated cost of 5.4 billion New Taiwan dollars (about $192 million), the eye-catching building — with its planet-like sphere protruding from one side — will undoubtedly serve as a contemporary landmark for the Taiwanese capital.
But it’s not just the exterior that intrigues. Hoping to upend the norms of designing venues — or their “conservative internal workings” as architecture firm OMA puts it — the scheme features three theaters that operate independently but “plug” into a central cube, where a flexible backstage area can be configured to serve them all.
Aquarela住宅，厄瓜多基多
Aquarela, Quito
Jean Nouvel/Ateliers Jean Nouvel/Alberto Medem/Humboldt Arquitectos S.L.
普利茲克獎得主尚・努維爾在獲得建築界的最高榮譽後，仍持續為世界帶來令人耳目一新的建築作品。其最新作品正是位於南美洲國家厄瓜多首都的Aquarela，這是一座有容納了650戶的集合式住宅。
由數棟九層樓高的大樓組成，大樓與大樓之間有著向外延伸或互相連接的陽台，讓建築群看上去具有一體性。石材砌面、木製遮光窗以及外牆的綠植不僅讓建築群與周邊蓊鬱的山區地形和諧地相互呼應，更用自然連結了居民與環境。
該工程第一階段將在2021年上半年完成，而第二階段目前將施作至2022年。
More than 10 years after winning the Pritzker Prize, the so-called Nobel of architecture, French architect Jean Nouvel continues to astound. Among his latest projects is Aquarela, a 650-unit residential complex in the Cumbaya neighborhood of Ecuador’s capital, Quito.
Although composed of several separate nine-story structures, a series of long balconies wrap around and between them to give the project a monolithic quality. The stone cladding, wooden shutters and exterior greenery are intended to help the building both reflect and assimilate with the region’s verdant, mountainous topography, while offering residents a tangible connection with nature.
Phase 1 is set to complete in early 2021, though the second phase may yet spill into 2022, according to Nouvel’s firm.
GSH酒店，丹麥倫內
Hotel Green Solution House (GSH), Rønne
XN/GXN
丹麥即將要迎來他們第一座「氣候正向」建築，意即其在設計上可以節省比其使用壽命內所排放的更多的碳。作為GSH酒店在波恩荷爾摩島上的新建翼部，這座建築不僅是使用上設計為環保永續，在建築過程及材料中也不忘將資源妥善利用：房屋本體幾乎是由建築業和傢俱業的回收木材建成。此外，建築中所使用到的岩石建材，如建築絕緣及裝飾所用的花崗石，也有部分來自於當地採石場的碎屑。
設計出這座永續建築的是來自丹麥的3XN建築事務所及GXN創新，不只是建築使用的當下，他們也考慮到了建築的未來：所有的組件都是由可逆關節組成，因此當建築使用壽命已盡，必須拆除時，這些零組件們都可被拆卸並另做他用（獲妥善的被回收）。
Denmark will soon welcome what’s being described as its first climate-positive hotel, meaning the building is designed to save more carbon than it emits over its lifespan. Serving as a new wing of the existing Hotel GSH on the eastern island of Bornholm, the structure is made almost entirely of wood — much of which has been upcycled using offcuts from the construction and furniture-making industries. Elsewhere, debris from local granite quarries has been used for decoration and insulation.
The two architecture groups behind the design, 3XN and GXN, have also looked to the building’s future: Its individual components are connected using reversible joints, and thus can be put to new use after the hotel reaches the end of its lifespan.
匈牙利音樂館，匈牙利布達佩斯
House of Hungarian Music, Budapest
Sou Fujimoto Architects
由日本知名建築師藤本壯介設計，這座兼具博物館、音樂活動場地及教育中心的匈牙利音樂館，是布達佩斯大公園計畫（Liget Budapest Project）最突出的建築之一。布達佩斯大公園計畫是由官方所規劃的都市計畫，希望為首都重新規劃一座兼具人文生態的公共公園。
座落在如畫般的城市公園湖，音樂館起伏的屋頂有著數個不規則的孔洞，讓周圍的樹頂能穿出屋頂矗立而生。音樂館保存與傳承匈牙利豐富的音樂傳統，外觀上必須讓遊客想要入內參觀，因此在地面樓層採用了大面積的透明窗，減少空間與環境之間的距離，並吸引遊客們想要入內。
該區域未來將會有許多場館陸續完工，包括民族博物館及佔地約五萬平方公尺的國家美術館。
Designed by celebrated Japanese architect Sou Fujimoto, this museum, music venue and education center is one of the standout designs from the Liget Budapest Project, a radical overhaul of the Hungarian capital’s largest public park.
Located near the picturesque Városliget Lake, its undulating roof will feature trees reaching through some of the larger perforations.The building is intended to celebrate the country’s rich musical traditions, but also serves to lure park visitors into the public facilities at ground level, where a largely translucent design helps erode the distinction between inside and out.
It will eventually be joined by a number of other new cultural destinations on the sprawling site, including the Museum of Ethnography and a 50,000-square-meter (538,000-square-foot) New National Gallery.
Our Domain學生住宅，荷蘭阿姆斯特丹
OurDomain Student Housing, Amsterdam
OZ/Marcel van der Burg
誰說學生只能住在死板、沈悶，只注重功能性的呆板空間？來自荷蘭的OZ Architect為學生住宅提出了不一樣的想像。位在阿姆斯特丹的商業區的OurDomain學生住宅是一個有佔地九萬平方公尺，設有一千五百間房的住宅群，由三棟風格迥異卻互相輝映的建築組成，其中最引人注目的便是他那鮮豔且活潑的建築外部。住戶們在這裡能享受便利的公設，社區內也有大面積能讓人放鬆的綠地。OZ Architect不僅希望能提供學生們良好的居住空間，也希望為這個辦公大樓聚集的商業區注入更多的活力。
The idea that students have to settle for soulless, utilitarian housing is outdated. Indeed, this new residential campus in the Netherlands, which contains about 1,500 apartments, offers Amsterdam students the kind of shared amenities and green landscaping that perhaps their parents’ generation could only have dreamed of.
The 90,000-square-meter (969,000-square-foot) residential complex is divided into three aesthetically distinct buildings, the most striking of which dramatically parts in a pixelated burst of color. OZ Architect, the design firm behind the project, also hopes the introduction of student residences can enliven a commercial area that has, until now, been dominated by office buildings.
水上音樂廳，維德角聖維森特
Floating Music Hub, São Vincente
Anciens Huang/Steven Chilton Architects/Chong-Art Photography
由英國Steven Chilton建築事務所設計，這座能容納2000個座位的劇場以中國傳統的刺繡工藝和流動的絲綢為靈感，外表像是一塊巨大的紅色絲綢，自然的垂落，團成了一個包袱，每一個收攏的皺褶建構出建築物的出入口。此外，在建築的屋頂上，使用了中國藝術家張鴻飛的作品，傳統水墨筆觸配上貴氣的金，百鳥朝鳳，期許大劇院能廣納人才。劇院內設置了一座圓形劇場，讓觀眾能夠360度欣賞台上的演出。
劇場預計將於2021年開始營運。
Designed by London-based Steven Chilton Architects, this 2,000-seat theater in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou was inspired by the flowing texture of embroidered silk. It also nods to the city’s history as a trading hub and the tattoo-like drawings of artist Zhang Hongfei, whose golden illustrations adorn the bold red cladding.
Comprising thousands of aluminum panels, the exterior shell appears to gently fold, revealing ground-level entrances and lending the building a soft, sculptural quality — despite its bulking size. Inside, a circular arena has been configured to host immersive “360-degree” performances when the now-complete building opens in 2021.
Writer: Oscar Holland
Source: CNN
